This is a worked case study for a Metal Casting Trades Worker migrating to Australia under ANZSCO 322114. Multiple pathways: Subclass 189, Subclass 190, Subclass 491 → 191, Subclass 186, Subclass 494 → 191, and Subclass 482.
For visa-by-visa context, see the 322114 pathway guide and the skills assessment guide.
Side-by-side
| Path | Applicant cost | Employer cost | Wall-clock to PR |
|---|---|---|---|
| 189 (Independent) | AUD ~10,500 | AUD 0 | 12-18 months |
| 190 (state-nominated) | AUD ~11,000 | AUD 0 | 12-18 months |
| 186 Direct Entry | AUD ~10,500 | AUD 5,540 | 6-12 months |
| 491 → 191 | AUD ~12,000 | AUD 0 | ~60 months |
| 494 → 191 | AUD ~12,000 | AUD 6,000-25,540 | ~60 months |
| 482 → 186 TRT | AUD ~17,000 | AUD 9,000-25,000+ | 30-36 months |
Things that frequently surprise people
Australian employers / context. Foundries, automotive component manufacturers, mining equipment fabrication.
Certifications. AQF 3 Cert III in Engineering — Metal Casting / Foundry.
Hooks. foundry work, sand casting, die casting, melting and pouring.
Health examinations expire after 12 months.
Tax residency starts on arrival. See ATO residency rules before signing.
MARA registration is mandatory for paid migration assistance. Verify any agent at the MARA register.
Tools
Where to verify
- Home Affairs visa pricing
- Trades Recognition Australia (TRA) — tradesrecognitionaustralia.gov.au
- Office of MARA
- ATO